How Well Pumps & Pressure Tanks Work

Whether you already have a well pump system or you’re considering investing in one, it’s important to know how it functions. Knowing what each part does can not only help you appreciate the entire system, but it can also help you troubleshoot issues should they arise.

How Does A Well Pump Work?

After new well drilling, a water pump is installed along the well casing, far enough below the waterline so that water drawdown (when water is being pumped up) or periods of drought don’t impact its ability to draw water. The size of the pump installed will depend on your well, the size of your home, and the amount of water you require. Typically, however, most homes only need a pump that can handle 10 gallons of water per minute.

A submersible water pump works in tandem with a pressure tank, relying on pressure readings to know when to pump additional water to your home. If the pressure drops below a certain level, the pump will kick on. Jet pumps are used instead of submersible pumps in cases where the well is too shallow. A jet pump works like a straw in a glass of water, creating a vacuum that sucks up the water needed. It can be difficult to tell if a submersible pump is working, though most will relay an audible clicking noise when it turns on. If you’re having issues with the well and don’t hear a click, you may need water pump repairs.

How Does A Well Pressure Tank Work?

As we mentioned, a well pump relies on the pressure tank to tell it when to turn on, but how exactly does it work? As water is pumped into the tank, the water compresses the air in the tank until it hits a preset level, usually 40–60 pounds per square inch (psi). When you use water in the home, air pressure forces water through the plumbing and your home. Once the air pressure drops to a certain level, the pump is triggered to turn on so that you can continue receiving water, and the pressure levels will eventually go back to the preset once you’re done. If your well pump is turning on and off quickly, there’s most likely an issue with the pressure tank.

Most well systems last many years without running into an issue. This dependability is one of the main benefits of choosing a well water system for your home. If your system is not working properly, a water well company can determine the issue and help you save money by replacing components rather than the entire system.